What happens when you type https://www.holbertonschool.com and press ENTER.

As we know when we type something on our browser we expect an answer, here you are going to find the steps to get this answer. First we need to understand some concepts.

Client

The Client-server model is a distributed application structure that partitions task or workload between the providers of a resource or service, called servers, and service requester called clients. In the client-server architecture, when the client computer sends a request for data to the server through the internet, the server accepts the requested process and deliver the data packets…

The Internet of Things, or IoT, refers to the billions of physical devices around the world that are now connected to the internet, all collecting and sharing data. Thanks to the arrival of super-cheap computer chips and the ubiquity of wireless networks, it’s possible to turn anything, from something as small as a pill to something as big as an aeroplane, into a part of the IoT. Connecting up all these different objects and adding sensors to them adds a level of digital intelligence to devices that would be otherwise dumb, enabling them to communicate real-time data without involving a…

Machine learning is an application of artificial intelligence (AI) that provides systems the ability to automatically learn and improve from experience without being explicitly programmed. Machine learning focuses on the development of computer programs that can access data and use it learn for themselves, i know that sounds a little bit confuse but will be clear at the end.

At a very high level, machine learning is the process of teaching a computer system how to make accurate predictions when fed data.

Those predictions could be answering whether a piece of fruit in a photo is a banana or an…

Python is a hight level programming, that is easy to read, easy to use and easy to maintain. Every variable in python holds an instance of an object. There are two types of objects in python Mutable and Immutable objects. Whenever an object is instantiated, it is assigned a unique object id. The type of the object is defined at the runtime and it can’t be changed afterwards. However, it is state can be changed if it is a mutable object.

Identity

In order to obtain the identity of an object, the built in function id(object) is used.

The id value…

What is a library and why to use them?

Is a collection of pre-compiled pieces of code called functions. The library contains common functions and together, they form a package called — a library. Functions are blocks of code that get reused throughout the program. Using the pieces of code again in a program saves time. It keeps the programmer from rewriting the code several times.

In programming context library is something which has some sort of that code which is pre compiled and could get reused in any program for some specific functionality or feature.

Now on the basis of execution and storage of this code library is…

To understand the bash commands in shell first we need to know what is a shell?

What is a shell?

The shell is a program that takes commands from the keyboard and gives them to the operating system to perform. In the old days, it was the only user interface available on a Unix-like system such as Linux. Nowadays, we have graphical user interfaces (GUIs) in addition to command line interfaces (CLIs) such as the shell.

On most Linux systems a program called bash (which stands for Bourne Again SHell, an enhanced version of the original Unix shell program, sh, written by Steve Bourne)…

What is an Integer?

Integers are whole numbers that can have both zero, positive and negative values but no decimal values. For example, 0, -5, 10.

The size of int is usually 4 bytes (32 bits). And, it can take 232 distinct states from -2147483648 to 2147483647.

Example.

int a = 456;
The value is 456. Now let us convert it to binary.
256+0+64+32+0+0+4+0+0
1 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 0
Now you get 9 bit number. Since int allocates 32 bits, fill the remaining 23 bits with 0.
So the value stored in memory is
00000000 00000000 00000001 01100100

Signed and Unsigned.

In C…

The International Obfuscated C Code Contest (IOCCC)

The International Obfuscated C Code Contest (abbreviated IOCCC) is a computer programming contest for the most creatively obfuscated C code. Held annually in the years 1984–1996, 1998, 2000, 2001, 2004–2006, 2011–2015 and then in 2018, it is described as “celebrating syntactical opaqueness”. The winning code for the 25th contest, held in 2018, was released in May 2018.

Entries are evaluated anonymously by a panel of judges. The judging process is documented in the competition guidelines and consists of elimination rounds. By tradition, no information is given about the total number of entries for each competition. Winning entries are awarded with…